Know How to Recognize, Treat Symptoms of Heat Illness

SPRINGFIELD — With an extreme heat warning issued across Western Mass., first responders with American Medical Response (AMR) Springfield want to ensure residents of Western Mass. know how to recognize and prevent two major medical conditions caused by extreme heat: heat exhaustion and heat stroke.

“Heat exhaustion and heat stroke are most prevalent during the summer,” said Dr. Gerad Troutman, Global Medical Response associate chief medical officer. “Many people don’t often recognize the danger until it’s too late. Immediate action is crucial to prevent serious medical complications.”

Heat exhaustion, which occurs when the body overheats and cannot cool itself effectively, is more than just extreme sweating. Common symptoms include pale and/or clammy skin, dizziness, headache, nausea, vomiting, and muscle cramps.

If untreated, heat exhaustion can lead to heat stroke. Heat stroke causes the heart rate to increase rapidly, and sweating usually stops, all leading to confusion and potential loss of consciousness.

If you suspect someone is experiencing heat stroke, call 911 immediately, move the person to a cooler location, and use cooling methods like ice packs or a cold shower.

The best intervention for heat-related illnesses is prevention. Heat exhaustion and heat stroke are preventable by taking the following precautions:

• Wear light and loose-fitted clothing;

• Seek shade or air conditioning when possible;

• Limit strenuous activities during the hottest parts of the day;

• Incorporate rest breaks, especially when working outdoors; and

• Stay well-hydrated with water and/or sports drinks.